Technical Information
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Air Fuel Ratio |
| The ratio of air to fuel. View... |
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Load Sensors Explained |
| A fuel injection system has to know the amount of air consumed by the engine in order to add the correct amount of fuel. Therefore the air must be metered. Read more... |
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Auto Performance |
| In the context of PERFECT POWER, it means modifying the engine to perform better. In most applications it means getting more power out of an engine, but more motor enthusiasts demand fuel economy at cruising, and lots of power at full throttle. Read more... |
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Charge Coolers |
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An intercooler (IC) is a device which looks like a radiator, but contains the intake air. The ambient air is cooling the intake air. A charge-cooler (CC) is a device where the ambient air cools water, which in turn cools the intake air. In essence a charge-cooler consisting of two "radiators". Read more... |
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Distrib or Wasted Spark |
| The distributor uses ONE coil, which operates on every spark. Using multiple coils can eliminate the distributor: one per cylinder, or one per cylinder pair. Read more... |
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Fuel Consumption |
| Someone once said: if you want strong horses, you must feed them! True! But over feeding a horse does not produce a race horse. But lets look at it more technically. Read more... |
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Fuel Supply |
| The injectors require approx. 3bar (42psi) fuel pressure, unless they are special injectors. If the pressure is lowered, then the fuel is inadequately atomized. If the pressure is increased, then the injectors may not open with low battery voltage. 2.5 to 3.5 bar is the best. Read more... |
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Head & Cam |
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Gas flowing the head & hot CAM's. Read more... |
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Idle Control |
| Idle control is defined as controlling the idle fuel and idle air by monitoring the RPM. This is required if an automatic transmission or an air-conditioner is used. Read more... |
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Improving Performance |
| This section is about the methods of improving performance. It is intended to give a general outline and ignores the very special (and costly) performance modifications. We like to measure improved performance in percentage because it is universally applicable to all engines. Read more... |
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Knock Sensing |
| Knocking is caused by the burning of the gas inside the cylinder BEFORE the piston goes down. Some people call it detonation. In any case, the piston gets a big knock, which may eventually destroy it. Read more... |
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Nitrous Gas |
| Nitrous is a gas (N2O). It was discovered in 1772, it is colorless, heavier than air. Dentists and hospitals for anesthesia use it, its nickname is laughing gas. The first use as a motor fuel was during World War 2, after which it was forgotten until 1962. Read more... |
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Normal Aspirated Engines |
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I would like to fit your fuel injection system to my engine. Is it feasible? Read more... |
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Purpose of Engine Management |
| When to use the Perfect Power system. Read more... |
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Reliability of Auto |
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The reliability of automotive electronics is very high, much higher than the fuel pump, the engine, the relays, and the wiring (connections). Read more... |
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Rotary Engines |
| The MAZDA rotary (13B) engine has found many friends, because of its power and weight. Read more... |
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Throttle Body Injections |
| A throttle body injection (single-point, SP) uses one (or more) injector at a central point before the gas is getting to the cylinders via the inlet manifold. A multipoint (MP) injection system uses one injector per cylinder; the injector is located at the end of the inlet manifold or the head. Read more... |
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Heating and Cooling |
| Combustion engines have a bad efficiency. This results in a vast amount of heat being liberated when fuel is burned. The heat generated is proportional to the horsepower you use; it may increase at higher RPM's and power levels. Read more... |
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Tips for Enhancing Performance |
| Combustion engines have a bad efficiency. This results in a vast amount of heat being liberated when fuel is burned. The heat generated is proportional to the horsepower you use; it may increase at higher RPM's and power levels. Read more... |
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Turbochargers |
| The idea of providing some form of forced induction system has been around since 1896 when Rudolf Diesel introduced his supercharger design. The use of exhaust gas energy to drive the compressor was introduced in 1901 when Buche patented his turbocharger. For a long time forced induction was limited to motor racing, aircraft engine designers and a few specialists’ applications. Read more... |
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Superchargers |
| Superchargers are more predictable than turbo chargers. They are mainly used on V6 and V8 North American cars, in contrast to the European 4 cylinder turbo changed cars. Read more... |
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Turbo vs Super |
| Talk to two people, and you will get three answers. Here are some considerations in deciding which one is the right choice for you. Read more... |
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Improve your Engine |
| This is surprisingly easy to do on a mass produced engine, especially if the engine was manufactured before 2002. Even the latest very modern engines can be improved, it is just more difficult, and may be they cannot be improved by large amounts. Read more... |
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Tuning Manufactures Tolerances Out |
| Although the spread of tolerances of modern engines are getting smaller every year, they do exist. Especially in smaller engines with “cheap” control systems. In these applications the LETRIPP FT range is very helpful. Read more... |
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Adapting the Engine |
| Adapting the engine to your drive style, country, weather, altitude, fuel and use is probably the biggest source for improvement. The manufacturer of the engine and ECU has to make a package, which fits every use, every country, every fuel and the most extreme conditions. Read more... |
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Raising the Max Power |
| That is a little more difficult, unless you like to invest in more hardware. Traditionally, the gains are less than 5%. Of course, if you engine is badly tuned then you can expect large gains, but there are no guarantees. Read more... |
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Improving Fuel Consumption |
| Most requests we get are: improve fuel consumption during cruising and raise the power at full throttle. Read more... |
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Optimizing The Engine Performance |
| This is probably the sum of all the above. Yes, it is possible! You need to be realistic about it! Read more... |
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Modifying the Engine |
| This is not recommended for improving the fuel consumption. For increasing the power the modifications need to increase the airflow to the engine, or lowering the air temperature. Read more... |
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Adding Forced Induction |
| Forced induction improves the airflow by compressing the air into the engine. This is expensive, and a turbo or supercharger can be used. Read more... |
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